presentation

today we do the presentation about the essay we had done used QUOTATION as an introductory paragraph.

QUOTATIONS

“Vandalism comes naturally from our soul.” These words come from a teenage boy and his friends who lax in drawing graffiti on the wall of a building. Teenage boys said that this work is a piece of art where they often did this to express their feelings or thoughts about certain things in our life. Furthermore, he said that they also draw the graffiti whenever they feel like doing it. This type of vandalism does not only involve teenagers but also adults.(Hook) However, these teens do not know that they have vandalized the image of the building as well as the environment.(Transition) Vandalism can be prevented if the government creates a law that severely restricts vandals in destroying the environment, giving motivational talk as well as giving punishment by doing community service.(Thesis Statement)

One of the major effective ways in preventing teenagers from vandalism is government should create a law that severely restricts vandals in destroying the environment.  The new law should provide heavier fines and sentences for vandals who found guilty in doing it. However, habitual vandals should be given imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years. Therefore, the incidence of vandalism can be reduced at all places.

Another way in preventing teenagers from doing vandalism is by giving motivational talk. Motivational talk can be given through education and campaigns such as ‘Anti-Vandalism Campaign’. We can give motivational talks to the teenagers about the scope of vandalism as well as its consequences. Thus, motivational talks can help teenagers realise that vandalism is wrong by any reasons.

Last but not least, the ways in preventing teenagers from vandalism is giving punishment by doing community services. Punishment can be given to the vandals by doing 100 hour community services such as cleaning public toilets under the surveillance of police officers and community residents. However, this type of punishment depends on whether the teen is acting on impulse or a group of gangsters with long record. As a result, this will ensure that teenagers will overcome the problem.

In conclusion, vandalism is bad, costs money, and it frightens all people when it gets too extreme. Therefore, these preventive measures should be taken into considerations to reduce vandalism in the future.

Red – Topic Sentence

Olive Green – Supporting Sentences

Blue – Concluding Sentence

Orange - Conclusion

ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY!!!!

Before Writing...

J  Brainstorm ideas on the subject.

J  Identify the main topics.

J  Use these topics as headings for organising your notes.

J  Decide which side you are on i.e. which arguments are most convincing. Make sure you choose the side that you can fully support.

J  Plan and write an outline for your essay noting down the information you will include in each paragraph.

Introductory Paragraph

Your introduction should:

ü  Introduce the topic with a general statement

ü  State why it is important

ü  State there is a difference of opinion about this topic

ü  Thesis statement must state what YOUR claim is and can include the  “parts” of the argument you are going to state.

Body Paragraphs

>        Arguments for:  The reasons “parts” of your thesis statement will be in your body paragraphs. 

>        Give clear arguments for your claim with support (examples, statistics, explanations, etc.)

>        Use transition words as you move from paragraph to paragraph (Firstly, secondly, furthermore, in addition, moreover, finally).

>        You can also use any of the transitions from the other essay types as long as they are appropriate for your argument. (You may want to compare/contrast things, give reasons/results, descriptions, definitions etc.)

Refutation Paragraph

v  This is also used to support your claim.

v  Use the counter arguments to show that your idea is the stronger one.

v  Do not focus only on the opposing ideas.

Useful words and phrases

could be claimed

It                      may be  asserted  that...   However,

might be  argued

Concluding paragraph

Your conclusion should:

• Restate the main claim
• Present one or two general sentences which accurately summarise your arguments which support the main premise
• Provide a general warning of the consequences of not following the premise that you put forward and/or a general statement of how the community will benefit from following that premise

INTERPRETING WRITER’S POINTS OF VIEW, ATTITUDES OR INTENSION

INTERPRETING WRITER’S POINTS OF VIEW, ATTITUDES OR INTENSION

ü  Trying to understand a text trough the writer’s perception, which is influence by his or her personal beliefs on an issue.

ü  The writer’s beliefs might be neutral (taking no side)

ü  The writer’s beliefs might be biased ( in favour of one side only)

TONE – refers to the writer’s use of words and writing styles to demonstrate his or her stand towards the issue in the text. You can determine the tone used in a text by:

·         Looking at word choice: words have positive, negative or even neutral association.

·         Analyzing the phrasing used to describe an event: is the author sarcastic? Does the writer lay out facts with no opinion?

·         Considering how you feel when you read the text: what emotions have been evoked in you? Do you feel angry, sad or happy?

Writers normally write for one of these 4 REASONS:

1)  To inform

2)  To instruct

3) To persuade

4) To entertain